Pop Music

The themes of pop music also help to characterize this genre of USIA. Typically, pop music centers on themes such as love and relationships. For example, â€Å"Am I Wrong† by â€Å"Nice & Vine† is a pop song that explains a longing for a relationship he thought was more than it was. This theme is so popular because everyone can relate to it. At a point in every persons life, they will experience love; those who have not experienced it, long for it, and thus relate to the theme of love as well. 3. What is disco? What are the characteristics of this music? I.Developed in 1 970, disco began outside of mainstream America, but t ended up crossing over into mainstream pop music. Mixing â€Å"soaring† vocals with a beat that encouraged dancing, disco became the dance music of the decade. The music often had 100 to 130 beats per minute (a relatively fast tempo) and the pulse of the rhythm was often emphasized. 4. What was the British Invasion? Which famous group was a pa rt of this movement? What impact did the group have on pop music? In the 1 9605, some of these British groups became influential in North America as well.The biggest group of the British Invasion was, of course, the Beetles. While the Beetles sometimes sang about social issues, they also had songs with catchy lyrics and melodies. This would be the centerpiece of pop music through the next several decades. 5. What is a boy band? What are some characteristics off boy band? I. Boy bands, such as New Kids on the Block, Boozy II Men, Backstreet Boys, and ‘N Sync, featured between three and six young adult males who typically sang, but did not play instruments. Critical Thinking Questions 1 .Some of the music in the 1 sass was used to protest social and political issues. Is music still used as a form of protest? Why or why not? I. Music is used, and will always be used, as a form of speech. It gets ideas and concepts out to the public in an appealing, and passionate way. However, it is less politically influenced nowadays. I believe this is because the public shows much more interest in love songs rather than politics; therefore, music composers aim to please the public. 2. One of the changes in the music industry during the twentieth century was the increasing centralization of music.Has music become too commercial? Why or why not? Do you think that artists are creating music for money or for other reasons today? I. Although big stars make a significant amount of money, all pantomimic artists are financially struggling. It is such a rough patch to make it to fame that if that artist is in it for the money, they will never make it in order to endure the hard times, they must really love what they do. Music has become highly commercialese, but will continue to evolve just like everything else. 3. How has technology impacted pop music?Describe at least three genealogical changes that impacted and shaped pop music today or in the past. I. The Beat Machine elimina tes the need for a real drummer. The internet allows for promotion and exposure that was not possible before. Finally, music videos are now a â€Å"must† when it comes to pop music. It increases the need for â€Å"the look† of the artist. 4. Pop music has often been seen as youth music. Why do you think pop music appeals to younger individuals? How has the industry promoted this idea? I. Pop music appeals to you anger generations because it is upbeat and easy to dance to. Pop Music ? The Center for Popular Music For information on specific research collections: Sheet music and Broadsides Rare books Sound recordings Periodicals Reading room collection Archives Music Trade Catalogs Posters Playbills and Programs Photographs Background: The Center's collection documents the diversity of American music. We take as our starting point the European and African origins of American culture, selecting items which document the music of our national vernacular culture. From the 18th to early 20th century music was disseminated largely in printed form: sheet music, songsters, broadsides, instrumental instruction books and song anthologies. After 1920 recorded sound gained dominance. The Center's collection reflects this change in the commodification of music. The Center recognizes the interplay between musical styles in American culture by providing study-level collections in all genres. Rather than duplicating the collection depth in specialized archives, the Center strives to support local research needs in all genres while providing research-level collections in specific areas: rock & roll and its roots, the various forms of vernacular religious music, and music of Tennessee and the Southeast. The key element supporting the study of rock is a sound recordings collection strong in blues, rhythm and blues, early rock, mainstream rock from the 1960s to the present, and alternative rock. The Center also has extensive holdings of rock periodicals as well as biographical, historical and critical books. Research in vernacular religious music is supported through a collection of approximately 2600 scores, including southern gospel songbooks, 19th century oblong songbooks, New England hymnody, shape note music, Sunday school songs, Negro spirituals, African-American gospel and denominational hymnals. Our collection of southern gospel songbooks is thought to be the largest institutional collection held by a non-religious repository. The Center's sound recording collections is also deep in various African-American traditions, contemporary Christian music and southern gospel. In addition to commercial issues, the Center has approximately 100 hours of original field recordings of African-American religious music. The Center's collection of Tennessee and southeastern materials recognizes that Tennessee provides a marvelous laboratory in which to study popular music. Ragtime, jazz, blues, Anglo- and African-American folk music, country, gospel and rock have all flourished within Tennessee. The music business of Tennessee has long been an important segment of Tennessee's economy. In addition to Nashville, the cities of Memphis, Knoxville, Bristol, Chattanooga, Cleveland and Lawrenceburg have played significant roles in music publishing, broadcasting and recording. The Center's collection documents these business activities as well as musical ones.

Lab Report Essay

Lab Report: Exercise 2: Blood Purpose: Explain why you did this lab and what if any safety precautions needed to be followed. This lab was done to learn about blood on a micro and macroscopic level. There are safety concerns when using bodily fluids. Gloves were needed and caution with the use of the lancet was important, which included keeping it sterile. Activity 1: Observing Your Own Blood Observations: Sketch and describe what you saw on the prepared slide of human blood: White blood cells are a light pinkish color and clearer in the center. The doghnut shape was not easy to see but can be made out. The centers are clearer because there is less mass there. The white blood cells were dark and looked very similar to me. Sketch and describe what you saw on the blood smear slide using your own blood: There were a lot less white blood cells on my slide of my own blood. The red blood cells also seems to be more grouped into certain sections. I’m curious if I cut my foot if that would increase the amount of white blood cells in circulatory rotation or would the increase in white blood cells only happen around the cut area of my foot. I think I may have to try this experiment next time a scrape something. Questions: A.What are the components of blood? The main components include three types of cells (leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets) and plasma. B.List the five types of leukocytes and describe the function of each. Neutrophils comprise 60-70% of white blood cells. They are the first to respond to infection and move into tissues and phagocytize bacteria and foreign matter. They also secrete enzymes called lysozumes that destroy certain bacteria. Eosinophils comprise 2-4% of white blood cells. They enter tissues undergoing an allergic response. They reduce the inflammatory response by producing enzymes that destroy inflammatory chemicals, such as histamine. They also release toxic chemicals that attack certain work parasites. Basophils comprise .5-1% of white blood cells. They increase in number during allergic and inflammatory reactions. They release histamine to increase inflammation and heparin to inhibit blood clotting. Lymphocytes comprise 20-25% of white blood cells. They play an important role in immunity and produce antibodies. Monocytes comprise 3-8% of white blood cells. They leave the circulation and become macrophages and phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, cell fragments, and other debris. C.What did you learn making a blood smear slide? I learned that milking the incision site is not a good idea because it forces tissue fluid out as well as blood. This was not something I considered before. I also learned that you have to wait a while for the Wright’s stain to take hold of the cells. Had I not read closely I may have rushed this step and not got cells that I could see easily. I also learned that in order to get a better look at the cells one needs to look at a thinner area because the thicker areas overlap cells which makes it difficult to observe them. Activity 2: Blood Typing Observations: What is your blood and Rh type? Type O+ Questions: A.Describe how the ABO blood typing system works. In the ABO blood type, there are two main anitgens or agglutinogens, A and B. A type has the A antigen, B type B antigen, O none, and AB both the A and B antigen. O is a universal donor due to its lack of antigens and AB is a univeral reciepient due to the fact that it has both antigens. If the A antibodies find A antigens on red blood cells we say the person’s blood is type A. B.Why is it important for everyone to know their own blood type? In an emergency situation a person may not have time to have their blood tested. There may not even be a way to test there blood when a situation that requires a blood tansfussion occurs. In this situation the person trying to administer the transfusion needs to know what type of blood the recipient has because transfusing the wrong type of blood is dangerous and will be rejected by receivers body. If I was ship wrecked I would want to know who had what type of blood so that in an emergency situation blood could be transfused. That is assuming that equipment for such a procedure was available. I have a catheter from my nursing classes bag in my car at all times. If natural disaster strikes, I’m slightly prepared. C.Describe what would happen if type A blood were transfused into a person with type B blood. A transfusion reaction will occur, meaning that a reaction occurs when the antigens on the red blood cells of the donor blood react with the antibodies in the recipient’s plasma. This causes the red blood cells to clump together and plug up blood vessels. Then the cells are destroyed by the body (hemolysis), releasing hemoglobin from the red blood cells into the blood. Hemoglobin is then broken down into bilirubin, which can cause jaundice. D.What happens in the blood of an Rh-negative individual who is exposed to Rh-positive blood? The Rh negative person develops antibodies that attack Rh positive blood. This can be a serious problem for a pregnant mother with a Rh positive child. The disorder is called HDN. Activity 3: Review of Blood 1.Log onto the Hands-On Labs Website and click on exercise 2. 2.Click on the link â€Å"Get Body Smart†. 3.Click on the â€Å"Circulatory System†. 4.Review each of the following modules: Introduction to the blood, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Coagulation. 5.Explain how the various elements found in blood work together to provide a unified function for the body. The main function of blood is to be a delivery system. It is like the highway of your body. Or actually more like the trucks of your body and the veins and arteries are the roads. The blood transports oxygen and nutrients to tissues. In order to do this many elements work together in the blood. The hemoglobin is responsible for oxygen transportation. Iron acts as a binding agent. White blood cells are the police of the road. They protect the cargo and destinations it is shipped to. They also clean up any messes that are left around (busted red blood cells, foreign bodies, bacteria). The albumin in the plasma regulates osmotic pressure so that the traffic flows appropriately, The different white blood cells control other problems by increasing macrophages and inflammation or decreasing inflammation. The body is a mini city with eveything working toward homeostasis, and the blood is no exception. Conclusion: Describe how leukemia affects the functional capacity of the blood. Leukemia results in an increase of blood cells that can clog bone marrow and blood vessels. The thrombosis result in an inability of blood cells to pass and blood count decreases. This result in a decreased ability of the blood to carry oxygen.

A tale of two airlines case Essay

As Professor Roger McPherson’s wait to go through the security process a second time dragged on into its third hour on this Spring day in 2002, (all passengers had to be rescreened upon the discovery that one of the airport screening machines was unplugged) he was reminded of another delayed business trip and the role that information technology played in the story. At 5:30pm on February 15, 1995, 200 feet off the ground, Professor Roger McPherson gazed anxiously through the fog as his airplane moved to touch down at Hartsfield Airport in Atlanta, more than 1 hour and 15 minutes late. He had 30 minutes to catch his 6:00pm flight to London, where he would be meeting with the executive leadership of a major British power company to discuss their information strategy. He felt fortunate, however, to be flying this carrier, which had a reputation for outstanding service. He was even more comfortable because he had a full-fare first-class ticket and was a Gold Card member. Professor McPherson was always uneasy about the large premium charged for full, first-class tickets, but knew that in a crunch it often meant the difference between a making a connection and missing one. He well remembered a decade ago flying this airline from Milan to London to connect to a flight to New York. Bad weather then had also reduced his 1-hour-and-30-minute connect time to 10 minutes. A discussion of the problem with the first-class cabin attendant had resulted in a phone call from the pilot to London (the airline’s hub city), and a car to whisk him and one other passenger to the New York flight, which took off only one minute late. That extraordinary service had made Professor McPherson a 10-year devotee of the airline. In the network age, he knew it would be different and he was secure. The airline flying to London would have identified him off their computer as a close-connecting passenger. It would have noted he checked no bags through, and it would be anxious to capture his $2,500 fare—about 10 times that of the average passenger—on an only moderately loaded flight. As his plane pulled into the gate at 5:40pm, he knew it would be tight but he would make it, particularly given the fact that all planes were coming in late. Moving his 57-year-old frame into a dim recollection of a high school 400-meter specialist, he set off. Two escalator rides and one train ride later, the gate came into sight and he braked to a halt at 5:53pm. It was close, but he had done it. Looking through the airport window, however, he was stunned to see the air bridge detached from the plane with splendid teutonic efficiency 7 minutes early. The door to the bridge was closed, no agent was in sight, and he was reduced to waving his bags through the window to the pilot 20 yards away (it had, after all, worked once in a similar situation on Continental Airlines). Alas, by 5:58pm the plane was pushed back, and the agents emerged and quite cheerfully (and unregretfully; they had no clue who he was) booked him onto another airline that would leave 1 hour and 45 minutes later. He would be 30 minutes late for his meeting in London, but the executives would understand. Distinctly irritated, he straggled off to the new airline’s first class lounge to begin a frantic series of phone calls and faxes to the United Kingdom. As he trudged through the airport, McPherson began to see the beginning of a lecture on service in the network economy and the fact that technology is only a small enabling piece of a total service concept. At 7:50pm, comfortably seated in the first-class cabin of his new carrier, McPherson jerked to attention as the captain came on to announce that because of a leak in the hydraulic system, there would be an aircraft change and a two-and-one-half-hour delay. Sprinting off the plane, McPherson realized that the meeting with the power company executives, planned three months ago, would be over before he got there. The following day he was due in Frankfurt to give the keynote address at a major information systems conference. Flying to the United Kingdom to connect to Frankfurt would be a hassle and unnecessary since the purpose of stopping in the United Kingdom   was now totally negated. Glancing up at the departure board, McPherson was surprised to see a 7:55pm boarding departure for a plane to Frankfurt, nine gates away. Pulling into the gate at 8:02pm, he discovered several things: 1. The plane was at the gate, and with commendable dispatch the gate agent relieved him of his London boarding pass and his London-to-Frankfurt ticket and hustled him onto the plane minutes before the door closed. 2. The cabin attendant, giving him his favorite drink, explained that because of favorable tail winds across the Atlantic and the fact that eight passengers (plus now McPherson and one other) had very tight connections, they had decided to hold the plane for 15 minutes to get the extra passengers and still arrive on schedule. The note of pride in the cabin attendant’s voice was evident. One-and-a-half hours later, appropriately wined and dined, McPherson drifted off to sleep, reflecting on what a remarkable case study had played out in front of him in the previous two hours. Information technology, operations strategy, management control, an empowered (also unempowered) work force, and service management had been interwoven into a tableau. A revised format for his speech in Frankfurt began to emerge. Best of all, he would not have to go through a case release process because it had all happened to him.

Chinas Challenge to US Hegemony Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chinas Challenge to US Hegemony - Essay Example This strategy continues to be implemented, whereas the US is focusing on war against terrorism. China has gained a lot of fame globally; this has come as a surprise to the US, which has now started strategizing on how to counter China’s growth and influence. This paper is going to provide more evidence that shows the challenge that has been imposed on the US as a result of Chinese empowerment. The United States has been predominant over other nations for many decades; nations have found it almost inevitable to surpass this enigmatic nation. Nations have risen, while others have fallen apart, but the United States (US) has remained to be a superpower. However, this may not last any longer, because an Asian country by the name China has risen and given the rate at which it is growing, it’s enough to state that the US is under threat. It will be by no surprise that it will soon be surpassed. The US and China have been two closely related nations with economic interdependence and prevalence of democracy in the two nations. However, with the rise of China, there has grown a conflict of interest and ideological differences. This has led to the beginning of competition for supremacy between the two nations. Within the shortest period of time, China has created a large market for many nations, cutting across several continents including Africa and Asia. On the other hand, the US market has declined at a terrific speed. The rise of china has shifted concern by other nations from the US to China. The evidence to this is quite clear; in most countries of Asia, programs and national foreign policies are created while considering the position of china and how it may react to this (Freeman, Lardy & Mitchell, 2009). This increasing recognition of China by the rest of the world has left the US raising its eye brows, wondering what to do to curb China’s rising supremacy. China’s diplomatic tool, the â€Å"space program† has greatly helped China in promoting its

Management Assignment Questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Questions - Assignment Example In addition, volunteer groups and other non-profit organizations also work to support struggling sectors of the community. Such volunteer groups have a crucial role to play in abolishing social class systems and improving living standards of the society. Multinational corporations like Wal-Mart and Toyota allow its employees to take part in volunteer work so as to increase the stature of their business. 2. Simply, a Nichepreneur is an individual who operates big business in a small market. A Nichepreneur has several secrets and strategies, which would place him on the top of the market segment in which he operates. Sometimes, Nichepreneurs do not even try to compete in particular niches as they have already dominated against corporate giants having huge budgets and highly qualified PR teams. An effective tagline is one of the major secrets of success of a Nichepreneur as it is the way a customer identifies the company. In the opinion of marketing experts, the tagline must be too crea tive and should pass some strong messages to customers. Similarly, a Nichepreneur often focuses on the cultural aspects of the niches as he serves the needs of a specific group of people. According to Friedmann (2008), fewer competitors, higher efficiency, attractive profitability, and increased visibility are some of the most significant benefits of a Nichepreneur. 3. Developing a career plan is significant in an individual’s life, for it will assist him to work for attaining the predetermined goals and thereby to achieve a good standard of living. A well organized long term career development plan is greatly beneficial for an individual to obtain job promotion by enhancing his skills and abilities. In addition, this plan would greatly motivate individuals to deal with life difficulties as well. Moreover, a good long term career development plan may aid an individual to achieve financial security and thereby quality life (Professional growth). When a post-graduate MBA studen t enters the employment sector, he gets a range of quick start opportunities. Successful completion of the first assigned task may greatly assist the student to start his career outstandingly as every management team would be enthusiastic to monitor the performance of its new employees. In addition, development of a creative idea for a business venture would also assist a post-graduate MBA student to begin his career. 4. Master of Business Administration (MBA) is a post graduate degree that has been accepted globally. The idea behind this degree was derived from the need of applying a scientific approach to business administration. This degree in business administration greatly assists the holder’s career for long-term as an MBA course involves a wide variety of subjects like accounting, finance, marketing, economics, supply chain management, and project management. The MBA degree course includes training programs and it will definitely aid an individual to enhance his leader ship skills. In addition, various projects, presentations, and group assignments would greatly assist an individual to acquire different skills for addressing difficult business situations in future. Scholars opine that group assignments and project works may be beneficial for the student to evaluate the principles of teamwork and collaborative effort. Furthermore, this degree

CRJ 565 AL 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CRJ 565 AL 6 - Essay Example Management allocates resources that are required to develop new products, and therefore it is important for it to be (DuBrin, pp.1-10). The students recommend that the management of Rapid Cash Store should review its business activities. In the recommendation, the student proposes that the store should diversify its operations and move away from the business of lending money. He cites the previous financial performance of the company indicates that the store is on the verge of collapsing. Although the student’s suggestion is a noble idea, the decision can be made as a last resort. In a market where retailers are making a kill by offering discounts, all Sam has to do it to provide competitive interest rates. Sam has to reconsider the decision of offering high-interest rates. All he has to do is to reduce the interest rates and monitor the effect to the performance of the store (DuBrin, pp.330-340). The third students provide an interesting discussion on the importance of having strategic plans. The students suggest that Manchester Foods should have a clear mission and vision on what they intend to achieve in terms of new product development. Equally, like the first student Kim has a very noble idea. For any project to succeed, proper planning has to be made. Resources are in nature, and, therefore, appropriate mechanism has to be laid on how to utilize them and attain the desired results. Furthermore, the students encourage the firm to acquire other subsidiary businesses that are in the same industry but offer different products. In doing so, Manchester Foods could have succeeded in developing new products. In addition, the student proposes that the Manchester Foods should conduct a market research before developing a new product. A market will help the firm to establish the needs of customers so that they can be into the new product. Lastly, Riggans

Accessing Water Between Urban Individuals and Bedouins in Saudi Arabia Essay

Accessing Water Between Urban Individuals and Bedouins in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example As a result, it was able to drill thousands of deep tube wells in the most promising areas for both domestic and agricultural use (Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia). In addition, Saudi Arabia is a desert country with no lakes or rivers and very little rainfall of about 500 mm per year. Moreover, the population is increasing at a high rate hence the increase in the demand for water. Nonetheless, to meet the demand the government in conjunction with water department has employed water distribution systems to enable accessing high quality and clean drinking water. Therefore, this paper aims discuss access of water between the metropolitan individual and Bedouins. From the experiences of both Bedouin’s area and the metropolitan city, there is a significant different in terms water access and water availability. Firstly, the urban dwellers drink water that has been recycled either from a river or the ocean. Most of the water transmission in the urban area is through the pipes from the main distribution center. The piped water is treated using disinfectants and, therefore, healthy and safe for drinking and for domestic uses. The water that serves the urban dwellers comes from the different sources. For instance, water extraction from the sea through desalination and the aquifers well that store water in underground forms the primary sources of water to urban dwellers. The urban individual mostly depends on the modern technology to carry out most of their tasks including pumping the water to their places of residence. They use the electrical power driven machine to pump water to their door steps. This kind of distribution method makes the access of water accessible. In addition, there is the Ministry water that through the water company ensures that urban residents acquire clean disinfected water. The ministry allocates

Privacy and confidentiality ( health care ethics) Essay - 1

Privacy and confidentiality ( health care ethics) - Essay Example it, I see or hear, in the life of men, which ought not to be spoken of abroad, I will not divulge, as reckoning that all such should be kept secret† (as translated by Francis Adams). Why is it appropriate that the healthcare practitioners to keep mum over the medical conditions of patients? It just makes practical sense that medical professionals should uphold the confidentiality of their clients. This is because in the clinical setting patients are expected to fully disclose their habits, their ailments, their strengths, and their weaknesses. Beyond this, they are frequently required to undress and allow physicians access to their bodies for examination, treatments, and surgery. Thus, the patient is vulnerable, needy, and prone to feelings of shame. Patients endure these experiences because they want to be treated for what ails them and because they trust their physicians to keep their secrets. If this trust were eroded, it might follow that patients would become unable to seek medical attention or they will be hesitant to disclose some information that is vital for their treatment. Most often, dilemmas arise when medical practitioners should or should not disclose patient information. For, example, confidentiality is regarded as crucial by those involved in the care of mentally ill or emotionally disturbed patients. A stigma has traditionally surrounded those with mental disorders. This is why the preservation of confidentiality is necessary to ensure that patients are prepared to come forward for treatment and that they continue with treatment. Patients require that assurance. They do not want the risk of becoming the butt of cruel jokes and being socially ostracized. Another example, in family research, is that when both the husband and wife may report on sensitive topics such as his and her own and the partner’s extramarital relationships, marital aggression, or alcohol use. Margolin et al. (2005) revealed that the â€Å"standard safeguard for discomfort

Choosing a Successor Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Choosing a Successor - Case Study Example Each candidate will be matched to a skill set and awarded points. Every skill earns equal points (5), but seniority/loyalty to the organization will score two points (2) for every year of service. According to the score, all candidates are nearly tied for their potential viability in the role of successor. Amanda scored the highest as a result of her tenure, however the capabilities related to solid leadership and communications (especially) are lacking. Felipe, though well-liked, lacks the fundamental skills required of professionals who are well-versed in more business practicality and understanding. Clearly, his leadership skills and human resources skills would be a credit to the position, but his experience as an administrator are lax. Tanisha, though known to be pompous and self-absorbed, managed to score highly in multiple dimensions required for the position without extra points for tenure. Tanisha is the most qualified candidate maintaining multiple competencies for this role, despite her lack of tenure. It is recommended to select Tanisha for the role due to the diversity of responsibilities required in this administrative role. Elements of her personality that are not favorable can be developed through training and consultation with superiors and through experience working in a responsibility-based position with diverse personalities. Based on all characteristics, Tanisha outperforms even those with longer

Making reference to appropriate theories and using examples from Essay

Making reference to appropriate theories and using examples from organisation(s) of your choice, evaluate on the role of the HR - Essay Example The HR function is therefore mandatory to have because this shall makes the lives of the employees easier and they would know who to contact in case of a problem or query that arises within their realms. This paper shall discuss the basis of the HR function and how this helps shape up the line managers within an organization in this day and age. Moving ahead with the discussion, the organization’s HR department has a huge role to play whilst dictating the organizational culture to the employees, both old and new. It makes new laws and amends the old ones in order to have uniformity within the norms and procedures that are applicable at the workplace domains (Taylor, 1999). It is important to ascertain the exact gravity of these procedures in order to have a complete mesh between the already accepted norms and behaviors coming directly under the aegis of the HR department, as well as the ones which are being chalked up by the HR department for the sake of the entire organizatio n (Boddy, 2005). It is quintessential that the organization’s HR department clearly understands its role because then only would it be able to decipher the purpose of having a sound organizational culture. ... Furthermore, it is important that the HR department inculcates feelings of oneness and understanding within the contexts of the organization itself. What is needed now is a good measure on the part of the employees to have a proper feel of the cultural manifestations and representations at the workplace. Without this, there could be serious issues arising every now and then (Lee, 2004). An adequately sound organizational culture will bring out sound results on the part of the organization as the employees would very easily relate with the actions and behaviors that are asked of them by the organization courtesy the HR department. Also the HR department could issue circulars and conduct training sessions and seminars in order to properly detail the employees as to how they would go about doing their respective work regimes, keeping in line with the prevalent organizational culture, the values that are taught and the different representations which are usually practiced from time to ti me (Egan, 2001). The HR department within Wal-Mart makes sure that its employees develop an organizational culture where feelings and sentiments could be shared about in a mutual manner. This is the reason why Wal-Mart is renowned for its sophisticated organizational culture developed from the HR domains, all over the world. There is a very significant need to be on board as far as the understanding of the organizational values and principles is concerned. The organizational culture takes all these elements in due consideration and thus provides for a more advanced understanding of all such facets. It is the duty of the HR department to be

Cone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Cone - Essay Example Although conclusive comparison data was not obtained, it was discovered that the blue carpet samples produced the maximum damage. Fire hazards are a stark reality in the modern world due to the use of multifarious natural and synthetic construction materials. Evaluation of such materials is therefore of utmost importance to design a fire safety protocol for a prospective new construction as well as for the evaluation of preexisting buildings and materials. The flammability of a material depends upon its chemical composition and the availability of oxygen. Post-fire investigations also need some analytical tool for the forensic investigation to evaluate the extent as well as the cause of damage due to fire. Cone calorimeter is presently considered the best technological tool available for the evaluation and assessment of any material’s reaction to fire. In any physical or chemical reaction if the elements being used up and the products obtained if measured can yield pertinent data about the properties of the substance under study. Cone calorimetry similarly employs the principle of oxygen consumption to determine the net heat of combustion of any organic material. In this experiment, a Cone calorimeter was used to determine the net heat of combustion of three experimental materials – ‘Blue Carpet, Green Carpet and Underlay2’ Based upon the above principle, three materials, a piece of Blue carpet, Green carpet and an Underlay were selected for evaluation of various parameters like the heat of combustion, ignition time and the amounts of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and smoke produced. The heat released during combustion of a measured weight piece of any of the above three materials was determined by measuring the amount of oxygen consumed in burning the product in a specified period of time. The Cone Calorimeter is a specialized apparatus which consists of a radiant heater in the shape of a cone. The specimen to be tested is set on

Monotony in Elisa’s life Essay Example for Free

Monotony in Elisa’s life Essay Many people in our modern society lead monotonous lives; in other words they follow a routine and have little or no excitement in their lives. Sometimes we fool ourselves by believing that a monotonous life is happy life, but it does not work the same way for every person. Leading a monotonous life can be very harmful to one’s well being and those around us. In the short story â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† by John Steinbeck we see a person who finds herself in this situation, following a daily routine without much change in it. When a person realizes that they have been living a boring life they start to feel dissatisfied with what they have accomplished, act on impulse and even resort to different activities in an attempt to escape from reality. It often happens that people neglect themselves and do not do anything to satisfy their inner desires which later turn into regret. Regret is the effect that comes from not doing that which you want to do, not realizing your dreams or even from making the wrong decision. If a person strictly follows a routine it happens that they refuse to relax or have fun because it can affect their work or lives. These people are followed by a feeling of unaccomplishment which can lead to sorrow and sadness. The problem is that you start repeating this cycle that does not really benefit your health, it may benefit others and improve your work or studies but you always have to take into consideration your well being. Regret is a very powerful emotion and can carry on for years if a person is not careful it can gravely affect their state of mind and create many complexes. In â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† the character of Elisa is a perfect example of someone who leads a monotonous life. Elisa is tired of her life because she feels tired of the same issues every day, caring for her garden being a wife and even dealing with an awkward husband. Elisa regrets not living a more exciting life. In the story, the traveling handyman when talking with Elisa asks her for some chrysanthemums seeds and a very interesting conversation comes up. Elisa tries to explain to him how to care for the chrysanthemums by explaining the feeling of how you do it, but they interpret the explanation as something sexual. Elisa gets aroused by the conversation and tries to touch the man’s leg in the heat, but resists herself in the end. This leaves me to think that maybe she feels unsatisfied in her marriage, she desires something, regrets not having this exciting life. By using the same example we can also relate the situation to how living in this monotony can make a person act on impulse. To act on impulse is to give in to your deepest desires, to follow your urges; it is the drive for what we do. This impulsive behavior surfaces from the situation, since Elisa cannot hold her desire she breaks down and almost does something she might have regretted later on. Jane Atkinson states, When a man youve never met before suddenly gives you flowers dont be alarmed hes only acting on Impulse (Atkinson). What I’m trying to say is that acting on impulse is like taking a risk. What we have in the quote is basically that, the man is probably nervous and thinking that the woman will not accept them or feel harassed, but he takes a risk, acts on impulse, without completely thinking about the consequences of his actions. Many people live an entire life by acting on impulse without thinking about the consequences, but it is a fact that sometimes you could end up with a very complicated situation. Sometimes acting on impulse is not bad, but you cannot go over the top, there needs to be a balance between the two. Elisa, for a single moment, acted according to what her body wanted, but at the last moment realized that what she was going to do might have caused big problems later on. Basically acting on impulse is not exactly a bad thing, but in Elisa’s case, where the impulses come out of regret, it is a very severe problem. If you act on impulse you will not just cause harm to yourself, but to those around you too. The human being when cornered in a situation tends to look for an easy way to get out of this situation; this is the meaning of escaping from reality. The easy way out may be an efficient one, but in the long run may end up being the worst since it is the most dangerous for your health. Elisa’s monotonous live creates the perfect situation to make a person desire to escape. To escape from reality one uses an activity or an object which aids the person to create a more comfortable scenario. Many people use drugs to escape from reality, alcohol is one of the most common since it makes you see everything in a different way. Elisa is already mentally affected due to her dull, monotonous life and to make it worst the traveling handyman reminds her that her life will probably be the same until her death. By analyzing Elisa’s behavior from the story we can infer that she has been using the chrysanthemums garden as a way to bury in all her feelings and hide all her sadness, but nearing the end of the story when Elisa and her husband are on their way to the restaurant she asks if they could buy some wine, her second attempt to escape from reality. Elisa wants to use alcohol to escape from the sadness she was feeling; we can also assume that from this point on Elisa might develop a drinking problem due to the constant use of alcohol to alleviate the sadness. Escaping from reality might ease the pain inside one’s heart, but it cannot resolve any problems. Also there is also the fact that Elisa is living in a rather sexist society. Ott, Jim states, â€Å"Its the enigmatic tale of a woman named Elisa who loves her husband, but is fenced in by geography and circumstances in a mans world†. In the quote we basically have a summary of the story, but we mainly focus in the part where it says â€Å"in a man’s world† meaning that Elisa is being seen as weak and defenseless and treated as inferior. If a person constantly escapes from reality and never confronts his problems they will just make things worst since the problems will pile up and become even more complicated. In the end it just goes back to the same saying that everything in excess can be deadly. Leading a monotonous life can be harmful to a person’s well being. Monotony makes people feel dissatisfied, makes them act illogically and can even throw them into a deep depression. But there are also people who believe that it does not cause harm and that it can even be good for your health. Leading a monotonous life does not physically injure anyone and as long as a person does not take it to extreme measures then it does not cause any harm. There is also the fact that nobody has died because of monotony and it is not even a disease. However there are many factors that can make this seemingly normal way of life a deadly one. Even if it is not a disease it acts like one by obstructing your way of thinking, affect your judgment and more. It is true that as long as you do not do anything extreme then it will not cause much harm, but the problem is that not everyone understands this, most people just take it to the extreme or just do not do anything at all. Of course monotony cannot kill a person, but it can drive one into suicide easily since there are many people with weak minds and hearts who get overtaken by the feeling and do rash things without taking everything into account. In other words although monotony is not a deadly disease it can be harmful because it works it affects the weakest part of the body which is the mind. To live on a routine may sound like a completely normal and healthy activity, but, like everything, if you surpass a certain limit it can have the exact opposite meaning and effects on a person’s life. Once you put the facts in monotony can cause great harm like in Elisa’s case, but it can have the exact opposite effect too. Gregory J. Palmerino states, â€Å"In the end, both husband and wife bear responsibility and suffer for their seemingly childless and sexless marriage; the punishment, however, appears to be meted out unfairly† (Palmerino). This one quote basically sums up everything I want say about the story. Elisa and her husband are only making their problems worst and have many regrets and secrets or rather untold opinions of one another that are yet to be said aloud. The only real problem in all of this is the fact that their punishment really is being meted out unfairly since Elisa is getting the short end of the stick because she is being oppressed by her status as a woman and because of the fact that even though she is extremely unhappy she cannot do anything about it. The thing about Elisa’s lifestyle is that one thing leads to another, since she is living a monotonous life she regrets not doing many things and thus tends to act on impulse to try and accomplish these unfulfilled desires and lastly since she cannot fulfill these desires she resorts to the use of other objects to ease the pain in her heart. The saddest part of everything that is happening to Elisa is that she herself is making things worse for her and her husband. Works Cited Atkinson, Jane. Policeman just cant Help Acting on Impulse. News of the World: 53. May 23 2010. ProQuest Central. Web. 19 Oct. 2012 . Ott, Jim. This Valley Life: Livermore to Read and Celebrate Steinbeck. Oakland TribuneJan 07 2010. ProQuest Central. Web. 19 Oct. 2012 . Palmerino, Gregory J. Steinbecks THE CHRYSANTHEMUMS. The Explicator 62.3 (2004): 164-7. ProQuest Central. Web. 19 Oct. 2012.

Definition Of A Long Term Condition Nursing Essay

Definition Of A Long Term Condition Nursing Essay The number of people living in the UK with a long term condition is increasing rapidly. As healthcare provision improves and the availability of healthcare increases, the number of people living longer increases. The proportion of the population aged over 80 years will increase to one in twelve over the next 25 years, and one in four will be over the age of 65 years. (Health Delivery Directorate Improvement and Support Team, 2009) As people get older their health may begin to change and are more likely to suffer from illnesses and chronic conditions. At present, care for people with long term conditions, particularly older people, is reactive and interventions generally only take place after an event or exacerbation of a long term illness. A system change by NHS Scotland aims to deliver an integrated, coordinated and preventative health and social care system, especially for people with long term conditions (NHS Scotland, 2007). Definition of a Long Term Condition A long term condition (also called chronic condition) can be defined as health problems that require ongoing care and management over a period of years or decades (WHO, 2012). Long term conditions can sometimes be referred to as chronic diseases. They are conditions that last for a year or longer and can greatly impact on a persons life which may result in the person requiring continued support and care. Long term conditions can affect children as well as adults and is not only the elderly who can be affected. It is also not just confined to physical illness but it can also include a range of mental health illnesses. Amongst the most common long term conditions are diabetes, epilepsy, heart disease, chronic pain, arthritis, some mental health problems, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (NHS, 2012). Socio-Political Context of Delivery of Care In the past, care for people with long term conditions was generally reactive and unplanned (DHSSPS, 2011). People with long term conditions are twice as likely to be admitted to hospital, and tend to have longer hospital stays. They also account for over 60% of hospital bed days used. Most people who need long term residential care have complex needs from multiple long term conditions (The Scottish Government, 2012). Scotlands approach to the management of long term conditions is based upon the Chronic Care Model developed by Ed Wagner and his colleagues at the MacColl Institute for Healthcare Innovation. This model suggests that if conditions are created to support a partnership that is productive between people who are knowledgeable and are capable of implementing changes and with those who have the long term conditions, then this can be positive steps towards improving the way care is delivered (The Scottish Government, 2009). In the past, care for people with long term conditions was generally reactive and unplanned (DHSSPS, 2011). In 2007, The Scottish Government developed an action plan to better manage care for people with long term conditions. Adopting Wagners Chronic Care model, The Scottish Governments plan was reflected in Better Health, Better Care. The 6 domains of the Chronic Care Model have been mapped to 6 key components of the model for long term conditions care in Scotland:- Multi-professional care teams and their partnership with people with long term conditions Self management of LTCs strategy Gaun Yersel primary care, hospitals, and social work integrating care Integrating evidence-based medicine and clinical guidelines into care and support delivery processes Sharing of Data through supportive information systems Assuring appropriate delivery of care through the national performance framework, HEAT targets and the Community Care Outcomes Framework How the care is delivered In order to deliver a proactive and coordinated care management approach for people with complex and changing needs, health and social care professionals require a range of competencies and skills. Health professionals that work together to deliver this anticipatory care are community nurses, community psychiatric nurses, social workers and care managers (HDDIST, 2009). Anticipatory and Advance care planning (ACP) both adopt a thinking ahead philosophy of care. This allows practitioners and their teams to work with patients and their family members to set and achieve common goals to make sure the right course of treatment has been chosen and is carried out at the right time for the best interests of the patient and their family members or support network (The Scottish Government, 2010). Advance care planning is the term most commonly referred to in end of life care, although it does incorporate the writing of wills or Living Wills now known as advance directives or advance decisions which can be done by the well person early on in life to plan for what may happen at the end of life. Anticipatory care planning is more commonly applied to support those living with a long term condition to plan for an expected change in health or social status. It also incorporates health improvement and staying well. Completion of a common document called an anticipat ory care plan is suggested for both long term conditions and in palliative care (The Scottish Government, 2010). Anticipatory care, as an approach, was pioneered in the 1960s by Van den Dool in The Netherlands and Julian Tudor Hart in Wales. Both approaches involved identifying patients who were at high risk of specific diseases or conditions. This was achieved by reviewing patient medical records when the opportunity arose during routine consultation or when the patient made contact with their medical practice (ODonnell et al, 2012). As an individuals condition appears to be more complex it may be useful to discuss legal and practical issues, as well as individual care and support preferences. As the needs and dependency of an individual increase, it may become appropriate to discuss end of life preferences (Scottish Government, 2009). The Anticipatory Care Plan may then include information about the persons: concerns and personal goals the persons own understanding of their illness and how it will progress a persons own wishes for end of life care, including preference of where care is carried out, as well as their views about the level of interventions, treatments and whether CPR is wanted (Scottish Government, 2009). Government Programmes The Scottish Government (2010) has outlined its commitment to developing a health service that tackles inequalities in health, addressing both health and social determinants, and to delivering a health service that moves away from a reactive, episodic model of care, where the patient is a passive recipient, to a system that anticipates health needs before they arise and that delivers continuous, integrated, preventive care with the patient as partner. Such a model of care has been termed anticipatory care (ODonnell et al, 2012). Recently, the Scottish Government has established Keep Well, a national programme of anticipatory care targeting deprived populations at risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), which brings together a number of the active ingredients important to anticipatory care (ODonnell et al, 2012). NHS Health Scotland provides the national programme management role for Keep Well. Established before the implementation of this government programme, The National Coronary Heart Disease Demonstration Project, Have a Heart Paisley, was a Scottish Government-funded national health demonstration project (2001-2008) hosted by NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. It was a partnership between the local community, primary and secondary care and the local authority (NHS Health Scotland, 2012). The initial project was established to reduce heart disease and promote healthier, longer lives for the people of Paisley. It was one of four projects outlined in the Governments White paper Towards a Healthier Sco tland. Have a Heart Paisley moved into its second phase in 2005 2008 which narrowed its focus and allowed an opportunity to build upon phase one. An anticipatory care report published in 2007 by Sridharan et al, outlined challenges for interventions such as Keep Well that are based on the vision described in Delivering for Health such as Identifying individuals within the different levels of disadvantage. Instead of a broad approach to identify a deprived area, a more focused approach may be required to help identify poor people in those deprived areas. The problem is that individuals with the greatest need (e.g. multiple disadvantaged populations with co morbid conditions) may be overlooked and the standard sampling frame such as a Central Data Repository (CDR) may not harness or identify populations with multiple disadvantages (Sridharan et al, 2007). The Long Term Conditions Collaborative (LTCC), aims to support patients to develop person centred care that is effective, safe, timely and reliable, makes best use of the skills of the multi-professional team, and is supported by good communication and sharing of information across teams and care settings (The Scottish Government, 2010). Models of Care The Kaiser Permanente pyramid is a chronic care model which was developed by the Kaiser Permanente Health Institute in the United States. This chronic care model is not a fixed model and people can move up and down the levels as their condition, ability to cope and their general sense of well-being changes (The Scottish Government, 2009). Kaiser Permanente focuses on integrating organisations and disciplines. People with long term conditions are organised and managed according to need, with intensive management targeted at those at highest risk (NHS, 2006). Supporting Literature Research carried out by Baker et al (2012) aimed to identify a population who were at risk of admission to hospital and to provide an anticipatory care plan (ACP) for them. Baker et al (2012) aimed to determine whether, using primary and secondary care data to identify this population and then applying an ACP, can help to reduce hospital admission rates. The results of Baker et al (2012) study showed that whilst not significant, having an ACP and a co-ordinated team based approach can reduce admission rates and reduce hospital bed days. Baker et al (2012) found that a reduction in admission rates is mediated by an increase in transfers out from secondary hospitals to the community hospital and home. Several factors enabled this to happen: improved community support from families and carers who had a better understanding of the course of a disease, care workers who were able to prevent admissions and provide rapid support on discharge, as well as a coordinated approach and good liaiso n between the case manager, local nursing, and the practice (Baker et al, 2012). Cleland, Moffat Small (2012) carried out research to explore stakeholder views of the utility and design of a community-based anticipatory care service (CBACS) for COPD. The key benefits of this service were seen to be reducing hospitalisation, educating patients in self-management in order to improve self-care and reduce acute admissions, and coordination of health and social care (Cleland et al, 2012). ZuWallack Nici, (2010), wrote an article describing the problems associated with the current care delivery approach for people with COPD. ZuWallack Nici (2010) proposed a Chronic Care model for the primary care of people with long term illnesses such as COPD. This model had many similarities to the care approach set out in Better Health, Better Care, with 6 similar components. ZuWallack Nici (2010) found that the integrated care approach is ideally suited to the management of chronic diseases, such as COPD. They claimed that Integrated care is patient centred but not limited to the traditional boundaries of the disease and is not overwhelmed by the complexities of the multi-morbid patient. ZuWallack Nici (2010) claims that there is great emphasis on self management strategies and the co-ordination of care, all of which increase the lines of communication amongst the agencies involved in the care being delivered. Role of the Case Manager The evolving role of case manager in delivering anticipatory care to patients with long term conditions is key to ensuring that care and services for the individual are co-ordinated and do not become fragmented, confusing and overwhelming. It is an opportunity to make best use of the advanced level of knowledge, skills and competencies that District Nurses have developed (HDDIST, 2009). Good communication, co-ordination and information sharing within and between multi-disciplinary teams are essential to ensure that where a person moves between different care settings, for example between primary care and specialist services provided in secondary care, these transitions are seamless and co-ordinated (DHSSPSNI, 2012). IN 2009, Information Services Division (ISD) developed The SPARRA tool. It identifies people who have entered a cycle of repeat admissions to hospital in the previous 3 years and predicts their risk of future hospitalisation. The information on the SPARRA lists supports the patients local team to provide the proactive, planned and co-ordinated care required for people with complex or frequently changing needs. Instead of reactive or crisis care, people and their carers will receive an improved service through a more robust assessment and care planning approach. Delivering continuous, supportive care with a single point of co-ordination improves the experience for the person and their carer; supports care at home and may prevent avoidable hospital admissions (ISD, 2009). SPARRA is only one way of identifying people at high risk of admissions. People who may benefit from care management can be identified by sharing local intelligence at Practice and locality team meetings and by using other community risk prediction tools (ISD, 2009). End of Life Care Palliative care has been described as the active total care of patients whose disease is not responsive to curative treatment. Problems can be encountered with the availability of medicines during the out-of-hours period. To maintain effective symptom control it is important that sufficient quantities of appropriate palliative care drugs, including CDs, are available to anticipate deterioration in the patients condition (NHS Scotland, 2012). Just in case boxes support anticipatory prescribing and access to palliative care medication for patients at the end of life. Adequate quantities of the appropriate medicines (including Controlled Drugs) are prescribed for the patient and stored in an identifiable container the just in case box in the patients home or care home. This is intended to prevent unnecessary delays in symptom management especially out of hours and at weekends (NHS Scotland, 2012). The GP will assess the individual needs of the patient and will issue a prescription for the appropriate medication If symptoms develop the nurse can administer the appropriate drugs without having the delay of contacting the GP to prescribe them (NHS Scotland, 2012). Making appropriate plans to meet a persons changing needs and aid timely transitions to end of life care are critical components of the quality improvement process in health and social care (NHS, 2011). Care planning harnesses the care of people with and without capacity to make their own decisions. The assessment undertaken is person centred and it aims to establish the persons needs, preferences and personal goals relating to their own care and the decisions made to meet these goals with the available resources (NHS, 2011). It can be oriented towards meeting immediate needs, as well as predicting future needs and making appropriate arrangements or contingency plans to address these (NHS, 2011). Where a person lacks capacity to decide, care planning must focus on determining their best interests. This can be achieved through discussions with the persons family or close friends or carers and any decisions made must act to protect the persons best interests (NHS, 2011). Advance care planning (ACP) is a process of discussions with an individual and their care provider to determine the persons wishes should their illness deteriorate in the future. ACPs can lead to an advance statement, an Advance Decision to Refuse Treatment (ADRT), a Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) decision or other types of decision, such as appointing a Lasting Power of Attorney (NHS, 2011). In conclusion, planning should be tailored to individuals a one size fits all approach will not work (NHS, 2011). Individuals have the right to live well with their conditions that are managed holistically and within the boundaries of their own personal needs and desires. Everyone involved with the care planning for an individual should be available for opportunities for follow-on conversations and support. Discussing potential risks and benefits associated with different treatment options will help people make choices and have confidence in agreed treatment and care plans (NHS, 2011). Wordcount: 2743 .

Introduction Of Vodafone Company

Introduction Of Vodafone Company Vodafone Company has a long way since them making the first ever mobile call on 1 January 1985. Today Company operating with more than 371 million customers around the world. A small mobile operator in Newbury has grown as a global business and the seventh most valuable brand in the world. Now run its operation in more than 30 countries and partner with networks in over 40 more. C:UsersuserDesktop7.jpg In this connected world, its no longer just about being able to talk and text. Vodafone network allows people to share their images and videos as soon as theyre captured. In 1991 Vodafone company made worlds first international mobile roaming call, and very recently introduced Vodafone Money Transfer which allows emerging market customers to send and receive money safely and easily using their mobile phone. 1.0.1-Mission We will be the communications leader in an increasingly connected world 1.0.2-Vision Unleash the power of Vodafone to transform societies and enable sustainable living for all 1.1-Introduction of Lanka Bell Lanka Bell is a world class Telecommunication operator that provides best quality service to businesses and its residential customers. Lanka Bell was started in 1997 within an investment of over US $ 150 million. C:UsersuserDesktopla.jpg 1.1.1-Vision Be Sri Lankas premier Next generation communication Information Solution Provider 1.1.2-Mission To provide innovative next generation technological solution by identifying and meeting customers need better than any other industry player, while maximizing the growth of our business for the benefit of our stake holders Organization structure of Vodafone Company Group CEO Chief of staffs Internal Communication Board of Directors Europe Group External Affairs Group Legal Group HR Group Finance Group Techno-logy Group Comm-ercial Strategy Business Develop-ment Africa, Middle East Asia Pacific A Departm-ent for each Country A Departm-ent for each Country Structure of Vodafone Company Matrix structure is a type of management system that workers report more than one person, effectively having more than one supervisor at the same time. As the structure of Vodafone Company they follow matrix structure. Read more: How to Define Matrix Structure | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how_4423113_define-matrix-structure.html#ixzz25WQ3YFvr Some features of Matrix Structure This structure allows focusing on their areas of expertise for the supervisors. And functional supervisors could focus on hiring, training and managing employees in their field and project supervisors can focus on achieve the goals of specific projects or products. Allows employees from different departments to come together temporarily to work on special project team. Provides flexibility to respond quickly to a customer need by creating a team of people who devote all of their time to a project then return to their departments or join a new project team. Culture As a Vodafone Company they following Task culture, task culture works as selecting a team to complete a particular task. This is one of the effective ways in todays modern business world to complete a task to date. There are benefits: They can make decisions within team members They feel valued because they selected within the team They have full responsibility to bring the task successful end Team members feel motivated because they are empowered to make decisions. http://www.learnmanagement2.com/culture.htm Organization structure of Lanka Bell Board of Directors Managing Director Other Staffs Laborers Senior Staffs General Manager-Information Technology Deputy General Manager-Credit control General Manager- Enterprise International Business General Manager- Technical Operations General Manager-Admin Logistics General Manager- Legal Structure of Lanka Bell Assumption Its an assumption that Lanka Bell is using Functional structure. Lanka Bell structure is based on Functional structure. This is one of the most common structures using within the company, this structure consists of units and departmental groups identified by specialty. Such as engineering, marketing, finance, sales and human resources that are controlled by the top level of management. Some advantages of Functional structure Specialization- each department focuses on its own work Accountability- someone is responsible for the section Clarity- know your and others roles Easy to focus on single product or service Creates teamwork Creates a career ladder Read more: The Functional Structure of an Organization | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_6134117_functional-structure-organization.html#ixzz25cK37j32 Culture Lanka Bell culture is based on power culture. In power culture is influenced by key people. In this type of culture all the decisions are made by key people in the organization. Hence, manger is the person who will take the decisions. To adopt this culture its important all the employees need to make good relation with each other. In another hand mangers and senior management never consult form employees while taking decisions. This end up most that employees get de-motivated because, of not consulting. Relationship between an organizations structure and culture can have on their performance of Vodafone Lanka Bell. Organizational culture and structure have a dependent relationship with one another. And these are one of the most important elements that need to successfully run the organization. Organizational structure is the way in which arranges management of the company and power lines. As based on Vodafone and Lanka Bells structure and culture, it has difference between two companies. Vodafone uses Matrix structure and task culture, and Lanka Bell uses Functional structure and power culture. Strength of structure and culture of Vodafone Company Maximizes co-operation and communication among team members. Freedom and autonomy to take responsibility for their work activities. Having opportunity to achieve companys goals as a team. Strength of structure and culture of Lanka Bell Company Each and every staff has specific task to complete Every staffs are specialize for their role It will be easy to take decision http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-relationship-between-organizational-structure-and-organizational-culture.htm How organization theory underpins the practice of management Organizational theory used in many aspects of a working business. In every organization, many staffs they believe the theory help them become better on their jobs and more successful in their life. Although this may lead them having to sacrifice some of their main beliefs in order to succeed. One example of organizational theory in the financial sector would be an employee or manager who wants to know how to achieve goals by having a set structure to follow. In addition someone in a human resources sector will have to make decisions throughout their working day that will definitely change the structure and practice of a working day for all other staff in the company. http://management.blurtit.com/q7346416.html Different approaches to management used by the Vodafone and Lanka Bell. Human Relations Approach. Human relation approach has been followed by both companies. Lanka Bell and Vodafone. Professor Elton Mayos (1880-1949) research, human interaction or group relationships effects the productivity and it increase the motivation of the employees. So as far as this approach concerns Vodafone allows more human interaction as they practice little bit of team approach within the company, also their department have coordination. However, Lanka Bell human interact is limit to some extent as they have divided into separate division. Each division will work separately to achieve its target, more often divisions may deviate from the organizational goals as they work as separate divisions. System Approach Section:2 Different Leadership styles in Vodafone and lanka bell Assumption Its an assumption that Vodafone is using democratic leadership and Lanka Bell is used in Autocratic leadership style. Democratic Leadership According to Vodafone Companys information it shows that the company is following democratic leadership style. In democratic leadership style manager will never take a decision without consulting to subordinates. This means that employees get a chance to express their ideas to the management level. Democratic leader ship also helps employees to share their ideas among the team. While team member will feel good in the working environment, as they will also looking benefits this leader ship style also can lead for better ideas and knowledge. Leads to higher productivity among group members. Autocratic leadership style The leadership style used in Lanka Bell is Autocratic and this not a modern style. As autocratic style manager retains more power as well as decision making authority. In this style staffs they do not have their role in decision making and they are not allowed to give input. So this style is not good for work as a team. And this is one of the best leadership style that can use in situation where control is necessary. Section:2 Significant technological breakthrough has taken place last week that affects both Vodafone and Lanka Bell and also the industry as a whole. Discuss the impact that different leadership style may have on motivation of employees of Vodafone and Lanka Bell in this circumstance. This is an assumption that 3D mobile phone has been introduced. Last week apple has been introduced Glasses-free 3D I phone to the market. And this is the first 3D mobile phone that could use without glasses. So many of the mobile service provider in the world are planning to upgrade their network for the new technology, includes Vodafone and Lanka Bell. Vodafone Company As the Vodafone Company they are using democratic leadership, so their staffs are having wide participation in decision making and it is not a difficult for the management of Vodafone to get new idea from the staffs. As a result of democratic leadership style: It increase staffs motivation and commitment to the decision made It helps employees strengthen their professional development by participating in dialogues. And also it helps to improve job satisfaction. By having group discussions which can offer useful ideas. And management put trust in employees and they encourage them to make decisions. So it will be easy to motivate staffs through democratic style. http://www.skills2lead.com/democratic-leadership-style.html Lanka Bell Company As the Lanka Bell Company, they are using autocratic leadership style. So its not easy to motivate their staffs as compare the democratic style. Because Company decisions are taking by management level and there are no involvements of company staffs. In autocratic leadership style: In autocratic leadership, staffs participation is limited in most aspects of work. And also they have no particular responsibilities so it will be difficult to motivate Lanka Bell staffs in breakthroughs like this. Staffs that working middle management and lower management should follow the decisions taking by manager or Ceo. One of the main features of autocratic style is Managers or senior staffs do not trust staffs, and simply they give orders that they expected to be obey. So staffs feel that they do not have independent working environment. Because of this management faces difficulties to motivate the staffs. Section-3 Apply different motivational theories within the workplace of Lanka Bell and compare them Maslows Hierarchy of Needs As Maslows theory every human must need five basic needs, it include; physiological needs, safety need, love or social needs, esteem needs and self- actualization. If Maslows theory applies in Lanka Bells lower level workers could be motivated by having them their basic needs such as; salary. If the company offers good salary workers would show their maximum. And also its very important to provide security like insurance and retirement benefits. To motivate workers there are some other factors that can affect social needs, status needs and self-fulfillment needs. Frederick Herzbergs Two factors theory Frederick Herzbergs theory is depends on main two factors, that is Motivational factors (need for personal growth) and Hygiene factors (need to avoid unpleasantness). As Lanka Bell they have applied motivational factors as that their employees by having challenging tasks and by recognizing staffs achievements. And also by having good salary and providing very well working environment. Comparison of two theories As Maslows theory it is based on the hierarchy of human needs and identified five (physiological needs, safety need, love or social needs, esteem needs and self- actualization) priority basis and their satisfaction in motivating employees. But according to Hertzberg theory he refers hygiene and motivating factors in his theory. Hygiene factors are dissatisfiers while motivating factors motivate subordinates. And it is not included hierarchical arrangements. Motivation theory for managers of Lanka Bell, and evaluate it usefulness in carrying out their job responsibilities effectively After the research did for identify the best motivation theory for the Managers of Lanka Bell Company, it shows one of the best and effective theory for every one (workers and Managers) is Frederick Herzbergs two factor theory. It includes; Hygiene factors Motivators Hygiene factors As the workers, there are some factors that should be fulfilled for the managers better than subordinates. Such as salary, job security and working conditions. By offering good salary and other benefits to the managers they would motivate employees to work hard and they would feel they are one of the most important assets of the Company. Motivators As Herzberg theory there are important factors (motivating factors) act as forces of job satisfaction. With these factors it makes managers and staffs happy with their jobs because they serve mans basic needs for psychological growth. In Herzberg theory these factors are five and are called motivators. Motivating factors are Achievement Recognition for Accomplishment Increased Responsibility Opportunity for growth and Development Creative and Challenging work

Emersons definition of experience :: essays research papers

The true meaning of life based on experiences†¦ What is it? This is a question which many people dedicate their lives into answering. Ralph Waldo Emerson is one of the few who has succeeded in answering this question. He weaved his answer into a long and tedious essay, which is called â€Å"Experience†. The only downfall from this work is that it’s solely from his perspective, and doesn’t include other people’s ideas as well as his. Emerson believes that people don’t possess the individualistic quality. Everyone is too focused on the actions and opinions of everyone else, and should take a more personal stance for once. We mimic people too much because we believe that we will benefit if we’re the same as the majority. We are all individuals and have our own opinions, and we should embrace them! Emerson also believes that people are multiform, and therefore have trouble uniting as one society. However, he explains how deep down everyone has a background of unity, and really want to unite as one. This is another reason why some people try to copy others. We figure that if we are all the same, we will be united. However, this is not the case, because our opinions and beliefs get in the way. We have a universal desire to believe, and because of this strong impulse, we yearn to move forward. We crave to be able to waltz up the stairs, and get closer and closer to our dreams. People gain intelligence and knowledge through what they experience. They gain valuable life skills by actually witnessing events first hand. If society were only to learn out of a textbook, everyone would be boring and completely one-sided. Our experiences help to shape our ‘clay of identity’. Instead of hiding from horrible experiences, we should try to learn from them, and incorporate the morals into our daily lives. Ralph Waldo Emerson’s writing style is very deep and profound, and answered the question of what the

Doctor Zhivago Essay -- Doctor Zhivago Essays

Doctor Zhivago    Boris Pasternak's Nobel Prize winning novel, Doctor Zhivago, is exceedingly successful due to its strong characterization and profound believability. The historical period matches flawlessly with the serious mood evident throughout Pasternak's work. The tone of this novel bleeds into the style and flow of Doctor Zhivago. Exceptional development of these traits makes Zhivago a triumphant effort.    The book begins with the introduction of several primary characters. Introduced as a child, Yurii A. Zhivago, lives his life in front of the reader. The long period covered gives the reader a variety of life experiences to identify with. As more of Yura's family life is revealed, a link between the story and the reader is constructed. Conversations in the story illustrate the feelings and ideals of the characters in Zhivago. One such conversation is between Nikolai Nikolaievich and Ivan Ivanovich. The two discuss philosophy, relating to their ideals and not those of the state or past theorists such as Solovi_v and Marx. The ideals expressed in this discussion are not just the characters', but an idea held by the author. Nikolaievich states "that man does not live in a state of nature but in history...It is the...exploration of death with a view to overcome it." (13) Pasternak's belief is people create to overcome their mortality; Pasternak has done so by creating Zhivago. The author lives on in the characters that he created. Through the story, different types of life are lived by the characters and the reader. Exploring the life of the rich and the poor, living while at peace and in war causes a variety of characters and emotions to be evoked. This vast array causes a few problems. The primary difficulty i... ...chnique creates a fully developed world in which the characters exist. The book opens with a funeral, that of Zhivago's mother, and it ends with a funeral for Zhivago. The story is assembled in a balanced manner. The symmetry in the novel adds another unique element to its style. The method in which Zhivago is told is at times annoying but overall it is a part of why the book as a whole succeeds.    In following the life of Zhivago, the effects of the Russian revolution on Russia's society are made evident. The strong characterization, believability, powerful imagery, and writing style all help construct a link between the story and the reader. The successful development of this bond draws the reader in the lives of the characters. This union that Pasternak creates is the basis of a universally readable novel, a union that makes Doctor Zhivago a success.    Doctor Zhivago Essay -- Doctor Zhivago Essays Doctor Zhivago    Boris Pasternak's Nobel Prize winning novel, Doctor Zhivago, is exceedingly successful due to its strong characterization and profound believability. The historical period matches flawlessly with the serious mood evident throughout Pasternak's work. The tone of this novel bleeds into the style and flow of Doctor Zhivago. Exceptional development of these traits makes Zhivago a triumphant effort.    The book begins with the introduction of several primary characters. Introduced as a child, Yurii A. Zhivago, lives his life in front of the reader. The long period covered gives the reader a variety of life experiences to identify with. As more of Yura's family life is revealed, a link between the story and the reader is constructed. Conversations in the story illustrate the feelings and ideals of the characters in Zhivago. One such conversation is between Nikolai Nikolaievich and Ivan Ivanovich. The two discuss philosophy, relating to their ideals and not those of the state or past theorists such as Solovi_v and Marx. The ideals expressed in this discussion are not just the characters', but an idea held by the author. Nikolaievich states "that man does not live in a state of nature but in history...It is the...exploration of death with a view to overcome it." (13) Pasternak's belief is people create to overcome their mortality; Pasternak has done so by creating Zhivago. The author lives on in the characters that he created. Through the story, different types of life are lived by the characters and the reader. Exploring the life of the rich and the poor, living while at peace and in war causes a variety of characters and emotions to be evoked. This vast array causes a few problems. The primary difficulty i... ...chnique creates a fully developed world in which the characters exist. The book opens with a funeral, that of Zhivago's mother, and it ends with a funeral for Zhivago. The story is assembled in a balanced manner. The symmetry in the novel adds another unique element to its style. The method in which Zhivago is told is at times annoying but overall it is a part of why the book as a whole succeeds.    In following the life of Zhivago, the effects of the Russian revolution on Russia's society are made evident. The strong characterization, believability, powerful imagery, and writing style all help construct a link between the story and the reader. The successful development of this bond draws the reader in the lives of the characters. This union that Pasternak creates is the basis of a universally readable novel, a union that makes Doctor Zhivago a success.   

Entire Course Essay

PSY 103 Week 1 Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet PSY 103 Week 2 Learning Experience PSY 103 Week 3 Bipolar Disorder Outline PSY 103 Week 3 Remembering, Feeling, and Thinking Worksheet PSY 103 Week 4 Lifespan Development and Personality PSY 103 Week 5 Influences on Behavior and Psychological Disorders Presentation Your second year of college is the perfect time to join the SGA (Student Government Association). As a freshman, you will not have enough experience to make a difference as a member of the student government. Instead, spend your freshman year developing your political stance and figuring out how your school’s government runs. In this document of PSY 103 Entire Course you will find the next files: PSY 103 Bipolar Disorder Outline.doc PSY 103 Bipolar Disorder.ppt PSY 103 Learning Experience paper week 2 Psychology class.doc PSY 103 Learning Experience-Z.doc PSY 103 Learning Experience.doc PSY 103 Lifespan Development and Personality.doc PSY 103 Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet.doc PSY 103 Remembering, Feeling, and Thinking Worksheet.doc Psychology – General Psychology PSY 103 Week 1 Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet PSY 103 Week 2 Learning Experience PSY 103 Week 3 Bipolar Disorder Outline PSY 103 Week 3 Remembering, Feeling, and Thinking Worksheet †¦ To download this tutorial follow the link – https://bitly.com/1oJK58F Your second year of college is the perfect time to join the SGA (Student Government Association). As a freshman, you will not have enough experience to make a difference as a member of the student government. Instead, spend your freshman year developing your political stance and figuring out how your school’s government runs. Psychology – General Psychology PSY 103 Week 1 Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet PSY 103 Week 2 Learning Experience PSY 103 Week 3 Bipolar Disorder Outline PSY 103 Week 3 Remembering, Feeling, and Thinking Worksheet PSY 103 Week 4 Lifespan Development and Personality PSY 103 Week 5 Influences on Behavior and Psychological Disorders Presentation

Physical Education Activities Essay

The high school students are full of energy at this point in time of their developmental stage a normal human beings and as such they engage in various activities. In the subject of Physical Education (P.E.) these students manifest their individual attitude towards participation in Physical Education activities. This study is interested looking closely into this situation and would like to determine the effect of the factors of attitude and teachers’ qualification towards students’ participation in Physical Education activities at Basilan National High School. Recent research has shown that degenerative diseases begin in early childhood. As Kaercher (1981) wrote, â€Å"There’s increasing evidence in youngsters of high cholesterol in the blood, high blood pressure, obesity and other conditions that are associated with heart disease, stroke and other disorders† (p. 20). Bucher (1982) stated that medical specialists blame deaths due to heart disease, cancer, and stroke largely on â€Å"changes in lifestyle characterized by factors over which doctors have little or no control† (p.13). Research suggests that regular physical activity, begun in childhood, may help prevent degenerative diseases. According to Hanson (1974), â€Å"The necessity of physical activity for a growing child is well-documented in terms of growth and fitness needs. Physical activity increases muscle tone, improves respiration and circulation, benefits digestion, aids in controlling obesity, promotes rehabilitation after illness and surgery, and stimulates proper growth and development Physical benefits alone could be sufficient reason for supporting physical education programs.† (p. 2). And Reiff (1977, p. 26) reported that high school students involved in an eight-week program of physical activity showed gains in fitness. The above-cited researches on physical education and its importance is taken into consideration in this study on the factors affecting students’ participation in physical education activities of Basilan National High School. Statement of the Problem This study attempted to determine the attitude and teachers qualification as factors affecting the students’ participation in physical education activities at Basilan National High School; Specifically, it tried to answer the following questions: 1. What is the attitude of the students towards participation in physical education at Basilan National High School in terms of: 1.1`gender 1.2 religion 1.3 ethnicity 1.4 socio-economic status 2. Do the factors of attitude and teachers qualification affect the students’ participation in physical education activities at Basilan National High School? 3. Is there a significant difference in the effect of the factors of attitude and teachers qualification in the students’ participation in physical education activities in terms of: 3.1 gender 3.2 religion 3.3 ethnicity 3.4.socio-economic status? Significance of the Study The results of this study provide additional information for the benefit of the following: School administrators – the data in this study will be subject to further study and consideration and could serve as basis for the construction of approaches and programs to enhance students’ participation the school’s physical education activities. Physical Education Teachers – they will be able to access data gathered in this study for their guide in the preparation of effective teaching methods which could motivate the students to actively participate in the physical education in school. Students – they will gain additional knowledge from the findings in this study and will serve as eye opener for them towards better participation in the physical education activities programmed by the school. Scope and Delimitation of the Study This study is concentrated in the identification of the factors which affect the students participation in physical education activities at Basilan National High School. The data to be gathered from the students in Basilan National High School are from first year to fourth year enrolled for school year 2010 2011. The physical activities are part of the prescribed activities in the physical education school curriculum. Chapter II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Under this chapter the following are presented and discussed: Related Literature, Theoretical Framework, Conceptual Framework, Research Hypothesis, and Definition of Terms. Related Literature Physical education is a type of class in which elementary, middle, and high school students are usually required to participate. It emphasizes exercise, and sometimes health and nutrition. This class, sometimes known as PE or gym class, usually takes place in a large gymnasium, but it can also take place outdoors. While there are a number of advantages to physical education, like most things, there are also a few disadvantages. Exercise is typically the main goal of physical education. Sometimes, a physical education teacher may instruct his student to perform drills or exercises. Other times, students may play games and sports. Basketball and dodge ball, for example, are two popular PE games. Larger schools may also have an indoor swimming pool that students can use during their gym class. While many of these drills, exercises, and sports can be played indoors, sometimes a PE class should be held outdoors. Football, baseball, and golf, for instance, are typically outside sports. Weather permitting, some schools may even offer skiing or snowshoeing. Online physical fitness classes may seem unusual, but with technological advances comes innovation. A few schools now allow their students to fulfill physical education requirements on their own time. This can be done by letting a student choose an activity to participate in. She can then keep track of how much exercise she has done. A teacher, coach, or parent is usually required to vouch for the student. Physical fitness in school, however, is not just about motivating students to become more active. It also helps younger students develop their psychomotor skills. Some elementary schools may also combine physical education classes with health classes, educating students about healthy choices and nutrition as well. Traditional classes where students play sports also help them learn to work as a team. (www.wisegeek.com/what-is-physical-education.htm) Clearly, physical education requirements can boost overall physical activity levels in children. The authors suggest that school-based activity be considered an important component in meeting the guidelines for physical activity in adolescents. Myers, Strikmiller, et. al. (1996). Physical and sedentary activity in school children grades 5-8; the Bogalusa Heart Study. Medicine Science in Sports and Exercise, vol. 28, pp. 852-859. Physical activity enhances a person’s life both socially and psychologically. Studies have shown that physical activity may modify anxiety and depression (Sachs 1982, p. 44). Layman (1972, p. 5) gave evidence that poor physical condition predisposes individuals to poor mental health. Hanson (1974, p. 2) stated that â€Å"physical activity contributes to the general feeling of well-being. It is an avenue for expression of anger, aggression and happiness a means for discovery of self as well as a social facilitator.† Moreover, according to Espenschade (1960), â€Å"The status of the elementary school child with his peers is dependent to a great extent on his motor skills and his behavior in game situations† (p.3). Clarke (1982, p. 10) added to these statements, suggesting that the child’s realization of personal and social effectiveness relies heavily on guidance within the physical education experience. Research shows a positive relationship between physical activity and academic achievement. In one study, begun in 1951 in an elementary sch ool in Vanves, France, the school day was divided so that four hours were devoted to academics and one to two hours to physical education, art, music, and supervised study (Bailey 1976). By 1960, not only were health, fitness, discipline, and enthusiasm superior in the experimental program, but academic performance also surpassed controlled classes. Similar experiments in Belgium and Japan produced comparable results (Carlson 1982, p. 68), illustrating the importance of physical education to a successful academic program. The importance of wise use of leisure time was supported as early as 1918 in the Seven Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education (National Education Association). Children need recreational skills and a positive attitude toward exercise to enhance their use of leisure. Indeed, â€Å"Research indicates that motor skills learned in physical education classes may be the stimulus for increased activity during leisure time (Seefeldt 1977, p. 3). Gilliam and others demonstrated that physical education programs involving vigorous activities encourage participants to use leisure time more actively (p. 3). Thus, physical education can play a major role in promoting an active, healthy lifestyle. The importance of wise use of leisure time was supported as early as 1918 in the Seven Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education (National Education Association). Children need recreational skills and a positive attitude toward exercise to enhance their use of leisure. Indeed, â€Å"Research indicates that motor skills learned in physical education classes may be the stimulus for increased activity during leisure time (Seefeldt 1977, p. 3). Gilliam and others demonstrated that physical education programs involving vigorous activities encourage participants to use leisure time more actively (p. 3). Thus, physical education can play a major role in promoting an active, healthy lifestyle.

Into A Police State Essay

Introduction In a time when WW2 had just finished, people were worried that communism might spread around the world, and the overall scariness of the changing world around, George Orwell wrote a dystopian novel, set in the future, in a world that changes the past to suit the needs ofcalled 1984. Orwell’s novel has been written to make his audience challenge the values that have been presented in the novel. The values of freedom and truth and an attitude of love have been used to make us challenge the way we think of these things. 1984 is a novel in which the world has been transformed into a society in which a group called the Party can watch every person’s moves at any time of the day.   1984 manipulates the society into believing everything they say.   George Orwell’s masterpiece makes the audience challenge the values and attitudes of the novel.   Values of freedom, privacy and trust. Attitudes of anger, and love. BP1 1984 makes the audience challenge the value of freedom. What is freedom Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. If that is granted, all else follows. This quote shows that the Party controls the world so much that they have the power to change the answer for 2+2=4 to 2+2=5 (or any other number).   That the choice for mankind lay between freedom and happiness, and that, for the great bulk of mankind, happiness was better.   This quote shows that people in the world of Oceania have a choice of freedom or happiness. Because most people know the consequences of having freedom, they choose the safe option and have happiness in the Party. This leads into the next quote:   To die hating them, that was freedom. If you are with the Party, you will have happiness (previous quote) and if you are against them, you will have the freedom to speak out against the Party. But this means that you must die, because almost all of the haters of the Party will get caught eventually and ‘shot’ or ‘killed’. Because the world that people live in has been manipulated so that people do not have freedom, we as the audience are challenged with the moral of freedom and what it means having it. BP2   Orwell’s setting in 1984 also makes us challenge the values of truth. There was truth and there was untruth, and if you clung to the truth even against the whole world, you were not mad.   This is saying that the people of Oceania know their own truths, and everyone has an opinion as to what is the truth and what is not. But people are forced to believe in a truth that is untrue when they know a truth which is true. Thus people have two truths to believe or know in. The people who follow the Party and respect them will believe in the untruth and forget the real truth, and the people who are against the Party will know their truth which is the truth. So the people who are against the Party are the sane ones.   If all records told the same tale – then the lie passed into history and became truth.   This is saying that if all of the novels in the world said the same things, this would become the truth. And if one thing was different from a book/magazine etc. then the Party would change it so it would become the truth. It is like saying if 10 books said that WW1 did not occur, and another book did, the Party would get that one book and change it so that it would say that WW1 did not occur. If everything in the world said that something happened, then the lie would pass into history and would become the truth.   Whatever the party holds to be truth, is truth. It is impossible to see reality except by looking through the eyes of the Party.   This is saying that everything the Party says is the truth and that everyone should listen to it. If you don’t listen to the truth, then you can’t see the reality of what the world is. If you want to understand the world, then you must be with the Party. The world is a blur without them. These quotes show how the Party has manipulated the truth so that the entire super state believes every word they say. By doing this everyone will do what they want. However some people are already thinking against the Party and they are the sane ones but they will be the ones that will most likely die. BP3 * Orwell also challenges the audience with his dystopian society with the attitude of love.   The old civilizations claimed that they were founded on love or justice. Ours is founded upon hatred. This is saying that the entire world is based around hatred. This can be backed up with the two minutes hate and the hatred that people have for the Party. * There will be no loyalty, except loyalty towards the Party. There will be no love, except the love of Big Brother. There will be no laughter, except the laugh of triumph over a defeated enemy. There will be no art, no literature, no science.   1984’s society has been challenged in a way that no love ever exists. People are not allowed to love another person. The only way that people are allowed to marry is so that they can produce for the Party. They only believe in the Party and listen to what they tell people to do. Nothing exists anymore except that Party and everything that they do.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"Confession is not betrayal. What you say or do doesn’t matter: only feelings matter. If they could make me stop loving you-that would be the real betrayal. †   This is saying that the only way that people in Oceania can stop loving someone is if that Party ‘brainwash’ them so that they won’t love them anymore. That is the only way that people can betray someone. Never again will you be capable of ordinary human feeling. Everything will be dead inside you. Never again will you be capable of love, or friendship, or joy of living, or laughter, or curiosity, or courage, or integrity. You will be hollow. We shall squeeze you empty and then we shall fill you with ourselves.   This quote is saying that the society of 1984 has no feeling for anything. Everyone is straight faced and just does what the Party want them to do. The line â€Å"Never again will you be capable of love† just says that the world can become a world has place of hatred for one another. This definitely challenges the audiences on love.   This novel has very little love in it and it makes us challenge what love actually is and why it is such a special thing for us as humans to have. CONCLUSION   These points that have been made so that the audience of 1984 challenges their values and attitudes.   The novel explores the values of truth and freedom and the attitude of love.   We see that after reading the novel how much we value these things in our world and that we should be grateful for what we have in life.